While there are cultural and ethnic variances across different parts of the globe which must be respected, shielding children’s eyes from excessive ambient UV radiation in direct and reflected sunlight is extremely important. Significant long-term damage to eye-related tissues (the eyelid skin, conjunctiva, cornea, lens and in young children possibly the retina) can be caused by UV radiation, and thus can be prevented. Children who have undergone cataract surgery and some with other ocular diseases may be at even greater risk of retinal damage; protective UVA/B blocking glasses are especially important for these children.
The best prevention continues to be avoidance of significant sun exposure during the highest risk time periods during the day (typically ‘9 to 5’) and during the year ( e.g. UV radiation reaches its highest level in June, July & August ) whenever possible. When outside look for shaded areas and wear brimmed hats. These recommendations do not mean, and should not be understood as sun or outdoor activity is to be avoided at all times; on the contrary clear evidence exists that sunlight is needed for appropriate Vitamin D metabolism and more recently there is some early evidence that myopia progression may be decreased by time outdoors. The advice of a local Ophthalmologist specializing in child eye health should be sought for specific instructions in your region.
With this in mind whenever outside appropriate UVA/B blocking protective lenses in well fitted, safe spectacle frames are valuable for all; particularly in the younger child, adolescent and those who are geographically or medically at higher risk. The lenses should block at least 99% of UVA/B light and meet local protection standards. The spectacles should
(1) provide safety when impacted
(2) leave little room for light to enter around the temporal edges
(3) be comfortable to wear for any age. Parents may look for lenses made of polycarbonate, CR39 type material or meeting local safety standards, and labels stating that the glasses meet ANSI (American National Standards Institute) requirements or block UV absorption up to 400 nm (nanometers). Polarized lenses often provide greater comfort from glare, especially for light sensitive children.